* <spoiler text="What is 'carcinoid syndrome' and how common is it?">Carcinoid syndrome occurs in about 1% of all patients with carcinoids and in 20% of those with widespread metastases. Uncertainties remain about the precise origin of the carcinoid syndrome, but most manifestations are thought to arise from excess elaboration of serotonin. The clinical syndrome can include cutaneous flushes and apparent cyanosis; intestinal hypermotility (diarrhea, cramps, nausea, vomiting); asthmatic bronchoconstrictive attacks; hepatomegaly (due to metastases); systemic fibrosis (cardiac, aortic, retroperinoteal. pelvic).</spoiler>

* <spoiler text="What is the prognosis for patients with carcinoid tumors?">The overall 5-year survival rate for carcinoid tumors (excluding appendiceal) is approximately 90%. Even with small bowel tumors and hepatic metastases, there is a 50% 5-year survival. Widespread disease, however, usually causes death.</spoiler>

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[[Category: IPLab:Lab 7]]