1,845
edits
Changes
no edit summary
File:IPLab8HBV10.jpg|This high-power photomicrograph of the previous section shows the HBcAg positive nuclei (arrows).
</gallery>
== Virtual Microscopy ==
<peir-vm>IPLab8HBV</peir-vm>
== Study Questions ==
* <spoiler text="What sorts of clinical/pathologic syndromes can occur after infection with HBV?">HBV can produce:
# acute hepatitis,
# chronic nonprogressive hepatitis,
# progressive chronic disease ending in cirrhosis,
# fulminant hepatitis with massive liver necrosis, and
# an asymptomatic carrier state with or without progressive disease.</spoiler>
* <spoiler text="What is the association between HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma?">There is a strong association between HBV infection and the occurrence of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma). In Taiwan, HBV infected people have a greater than 200-fold increased risk of developing liver cancer as compared with uninfected individuals. However, the precise role of HBV in the causation of human liver cancer is not clear.</spoiler>
* <spoiler text="What are the characteristics of the hepatitis B 'carrier state'?">With hepatotropic viruses, there are those who:
# harbor one of the viruses but suffer little or no adverse effects (a "healthy" carrier) and those who
# have chronic disease but are essentially free of symptoms or disability.
Both constitute reservoirs of infection. HBV infection early in life, particularly via vertical transmission during childbirth, produces a carrier state 90 to 95% of the time. In contrast, only 1 to 10% of adult infections yield a carrier state. Individuals with impaired immunity are more likely to become carriers.</spoiler>
== Additional Resources ==
=== Reference ===
* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177632-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Hepatitis B]
* [http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/hepatic_and_biliary_disorders/hepatitis/acute_viral_hepatitis.html Merck Manual: Acute Viral Hepatitis]
* [http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/infections_in_neonates/neonatal_hepatitis_b_virus_infection.html Merck Manual: Neonatal Hepatitis B Virus Infection]
=== Journal Articles ===
* Merle P, Trepo C. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11703569 Therapeutic management of hepatitis B-related cirrhosis]. ''J Viral Hepat'' 2001 Nov;8(6):391-9.
=== Images ===
* [{{SERVER}}/library/index.php?/tags/115-hepatitis PEIR Digital Library: Hepatitis Images]
* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/LIVEHTML/LIVERIDX.html#5 WebPath: Viral Hepatitis]
== Related IPLab Cases ==
* [[IPLab:Lab 4:Chronic Passive Congestion|Lab 4: Liver: Chronic Passive Congestion]]
{{IPLab 8}}
[[Category: IPLab:Lab 8]]